Application of a graphene oxide for determination of Cadmium, Lead, Copper and Zinc ions at trace level in personal Care Products using Solid Phase Extraction

Abstract

A novel and simple procedure Solid Phase µ-extraction was successfully used as a sample preparation method for the pre concentration and determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in different personal care products samples. In the first screening, a five variables were selected with low (-) and high level (+) and were inspected by Plackett–Burman. In order to further optimization, a central 2³ +star orthogonal composite design (CCD) was applied to determine the optimum values of the significant variables such as pH, Centrifuge (RPM) and GO against % recovery of metals. The limits of detection (LOD) for Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were found to be 0.073, 1.41, 14.4 and 2.99 µg/L. The validation of proposed procedure was evaluated by the analysis of certified reference material Wheat Flour (1567a) and Bovine Liver (1577b). The results of determined values were found in good agreement with certified values at 95% confidence limit. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to real samples as shown in Figure 1.

KEY WORDS

Solid Phase Extraction; Cadmium; Lead; Copper ; Zinc; Graphene Oxide ;Centrifuge; Multivariate Study; Personnel Care Products