Fate and Distribution of Pesticides Residues in Water Sources in Nigeria: A Review

Abstract

The availability of safe and clean water access is very important for a healthy population. In this study, we reviewed the distribution of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in water sources in Nigeria. The reviewed studies showed that OCPs and OPs concentration in Nigerian surface water and sediments are high and at present the use of organochlorines and organophosphorous synthetic pesticide in agricultural and industrial sectors has created as a significant threat to most rivers in Nigeria. However, more studies should be conducted in other surface water bodies in many Nigerian cities. These pesticides have shown to have carcinogenic, mutagenic, bioaccumulating and persistent properties. In view to maintain good water quality, it is very necessary to understand those factors that influences the fate and rate of pesticides distribution in water along-side with probable health effects associated with the oral intake of pesticides chemicals. Effort to minimize or reduce the amount of pesticides usage should be encouraged.

Keywords: Pesticides, Toxicity, Exposure, Surface water, Organochlorine, Organophosphorus, Carcinogenic, Nigeria