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Investigation on the Viability and Performance of Justicia Carnea Plant Extracts Treated on Crude Oil Remediation in Loamy Soil

Chukwuemeke. P Ukpaka, Obuge A. M.

Abstract


This study was carried out to investigate the viability and the performance of Justicia carnea plant extracts treated with direct sunlight and the absence of sunlight on the bioremediation process of crude oil contaminated loamy soils sample obtained from the Otari community in Abua Local Government Area of Rivers State of Nigeria. Total petroleum hydrocarbon degraded, total microbial count, pH, amount of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium, soil total organic carbon, soil total organic matter were examined. Eleven (11) batch reactors studied with each reactor containing 1 kg of loamy soil samples contaminated with 100ml pollutant with plants extracts of 20 g, 40 g, 60 g, 80 g, 100 g of Justicia carnea plant extract sun-dried(JPEL) and Justicia carnea plant extract dark (JPED). The physiochemical properties of soil used before and after were analyized. These physiochemical properties were electrical conductivity (EC), moisture content (MC), soil total organic carbon (STOC), soil total organic matter (STOM), total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (P) in the soils increased after pollution. However, EC, MC, STOC, STOM, TN and P declined significantly with time after exposure to the treatment, while pH trend towards neutrality after the treatment. The rate of biodegradation of TPH was investigated for every 14 days interval for 84 days, the results obtained shows a high performance of all the plants extracts on all the soils samples in this order JPED> JPEL, though with relatively high close degradation potentials. The results of experiment show a high viability of extracts in the biodegradation process, the maximum specific rate, the overall reaction order for bioremediation, and the rate constant were determined. Also, application of rate laws, Micheal’s Menten equation was also applied, the maximum dissociation rate constant was established in terms of Line Wever Burk Plots. Therefore the theoretical model developed and the experimental data can be applied in monitoring biodegradation contaminants using Justicia carnea plant extract.


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