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Assessment on Handling of Faba Bean Grains (Vicia faba L) and Distribution of Bruchids in North Western Amhara, Ethiopia
Abstract
Due to its high protein content, the faba bean can be used in place of meat. It is a significant pulse crop in the world. An assessment was conducted in Eastern and Western Gojjam Administrative to know faba bean grains’ damage level, bruchids distribution and species composition. Two districts wereselected from each Administrative. Two Peasant Associations (PAs) were also selected from each District while five farmers were randomly selected from each Peasant Association. Faba bean grain samples were randomly taken from top, middle, sides, and bottom of the storage structure using 2 m sample probe. 10 additional early adopter respondents per Peasant Associations were selected for
questionnaire. Semi-structured questioners were prepared and translated to local language to be filled by the respondents. The study was conducted in 2013 and 2014 for two consecutive cropping years using mixed model nested design. SAS software (version 9.2) and MS Excel 2007 were used to analyze the data. About 100% of faba bean grain samples were infested while 11.14±3.32–19.51±2.79% faba bean grain weight losses were recorded due to bruchids. The recorded bruchid species were 86.25% (Callosobruchus chinensis), 76.25% (Acanthoscelides obtectus) and 33.75% (Bruchus pisorum). Approximately 6.88, 46.87, 42.5, and 4.31% of those polled had their faba bean grains preserved for less than 4, 4 to 8, 9 to 12, and more than 12 months, respectively. The common storage structure (68.75%) was “Gota”. About 76.1% of the farmers were rejected the 50% bruchids perforated faba bean grains. Based on the present result, it is required to follow emergence of bruchids, frequent
training for farmers, experts and decision makers to fill the knowledge gap of farmers and to reduce damage and weight loss of faba bean grains due to bruchids.
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