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Ethanol Production from Banana Peels by Fermentation Process using Yeast
Abstract
The need of energy is increasing day by day and sustainability is becoming important factor in growth. To fulfil the need of rising population, it has become necessary to find alternative sources of fuel. Non-renewable sources are depleting fast. Use of renewable sources has become important area of research in sustainable engineering. Synthesis of biofuel from waste feedstock is being explored for increasing fuel economy and reduce environmental footprints. Ethanol synthesized from natural resources can be blended with diesel. It was studied that ethanol can be produced from the vegetable waste, fruit waste, and cellulosic waste. Ethanol synthesis from banana peels has yielded good results. India is the largest producer of banana. Banana contains carbohydrates, proteins, and fibers. It also contains rich carbohydrates and other nutrients which are useful to yeast growth. Methyl esters can be derived from waste oils, vegetable oils, cooking oils, rice bran oils etc. Use of nonedible feedstocks is recommended to make the process viable economically. Transesterification is the reaction employed in theses synthesis processes. Ethanol production from banana peels was done at different pH range 4 to 7 at room temperature. Fermentation was carried out in different yeast concentration 3, 6, 9 and 12% for 7 days. The ethanol yield was noted on daily basis. As the concentration of yeast increases, the time required for fermentation reduces. The time for maximum yield increased with decrease in yeast concentration. From GC analysis it was observed that the maximum production of ethanol was at pH 6 and at the highest concentration of yeast.
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