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Organically Modified Peanut Shell Flour-Reinforced Polypropylene Nanocomposites: Effect of Fiber Surface Treatment on Basic Properties
Abstract
Innovative composite ingredients are increasingly being used, particularly in the automotive, aerospace, aviation, and construction industries. Due to the remarkable properties of nanocomposite components, traditional ingredients are being replaced. This study's work focuses on the usage of polypropylene (PP) as polymer matrices and nanoclay and peanut shell flour (PSF) as reinforcing materials. To enhance the mechanical properties of the PP/PSF composites in the present work, PSFs were treated using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). PSF was combined with PP at four different loadings of 10, 20, 30, and 40% while nanoclay was added at 1, 3, and 5% of the total weight. With maleated PP (PPM) acting as a compatibilizer, PSF-reinforced PP nanocomposites were created utilizing a melt mixing technique with varying weight percentages of treated and untreated PSF content. Increased interfacial adhesion between the PSF and PP matrix results from fiber surface modification. The results also demonstrate that PPM addition, fiber modification, and nanoclay inclusion in PP have enhanced mechanical properties with an increase in fiber content up to 30% and 3 wt% of nanoclay with 5 wt% of compatibilizer and decreased water absorption rate. The inclusion of PPM and nanoclay has been demonstrated to improve the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact resistance of PP/PSF nanocomposites with higher fiber loading. The morphology of the SEM picture showed that the interfacial modification has improved the interfacial adhesion between the PSF and the PP matrix.
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