Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Review of Polypeptides (Amino Acids) with a High Molecular Weight

Pooja Jaiswal

Abstract


Polypeptides are chains of amino acids that are continuous and unbranched and are connected by polypeptide chain. The peptide bond joins the carbon-carbon double bond of one amino acid with the amine group of the following amino acid to produce an amide. As the constituents of muscles, bones, hair, and fingernails as well as the building blocks of enzymes, antibodies, muscles, and connective
tissue, proteins play a significant role in biology. Since they contain small chains of amino acids than polypeptides, peptides are different from polypeptides. In the disciplines of biomaterials and biomedicine, polypeptides are frequently used. Since Hermann Leuchs first described Ncarboxyanhydride (NCA) in 1906, polypeptides have frequently been made using NCAs by ringopening polymerization. It is difficult to efficiently synthesize polypeptides with high molecular weight despite ongoing advances. Additionally, moisture-tolerant, open-flask compatible, and terminally controllable NCA polymerization. The varied NCA monomers and associated polypeptides’ solubility requirements were met by this NCA polymerization, which could proceed in the majority of common
solvents. The gram-scale synthesis of chain length polypeptide chains in an open flask was also made possible by this NCA polymerization. It is still difficult to synthesize high molecular weight polypeptides using traditional solution phase synthesis, despite significant work having been put into designing the initiators and reaction conditions. The vapor deposition polymerization in this work is
surface initiated.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Blout ER, Karlson RH. Polypeptides. III. The synthesis of high molecular weight poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamates1. J Am Chem Soc. 1956 Mar;78(5):941–6. doi: 10.1021/ja01586a020.

Shewry PR, Field JM, Faulks AJ, Parmar S, Miflin BJ, Dietler MD et al. The purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the high molecular weight gluten polypeptides of wheat. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)—Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 1984 Jul 17;788(1):23–34. doi: 10.1016/0167–4838(84)90293–0.

Wu YM, Zhang WW, Zhou RY, Chen Q, Xie CY, Xiang HX et al. Facile synthesis of high molecular weight polypeptides via fast and moisture insensitive polymerization of α-amino acid n-carboxyanhydrides. Chin J Polym Sci. 2020 Oct;38(10):1131–40. doi: 10.1007/s10118–020–2471–1.

Yoshida T, Hatano T, Ito H. Chemistry and function of vegetable polyphenols with high molecular weights. BioFactors. 2000;13(1–4):121–5. doi: 10.1002/biof.5520130120.

Appelt B, Meyerhoff G. Characterization of polystyrenes of extremely high molecular weights. Macromolecules. 1980 May;13(3):657–62. doi: 10.1021/ma60075a033.

Tugarinov V, Kay LE. Methyl groups as probes of structure and dynamics in NMR studies of high‐molecular‐weight proteins. Chembiochem. 2005 Sep 5;6(9):1567–77. doi: 10.1002/cbic.200500110.

Forester H, Hunter N, Knox KW. Characteristics of a high molecular weight extracellular protein of Streptococcus mutans. J Gen Microbiol. 1983 Sep 1;129(9):2779–88. doi: 10.1099/00221287–129–9–2779.

Varon S, Nomura J, Shooter EM. The isolation of the mouse nerve growth factor protein in a high molecular weight form. Biochemistry. 1967 Jul 1;6(7):2202–9. doi: 10.1021/bi00859a043.

Ramachandran GN, Sasisekharan V. Conformation of polypeptides and proteins. Adv Protein Chem. 1968 Jan 1;23:283–438. doi: 10.1016/s0065–3233(08)60402–7.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.