Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Examination of Impact of Mass and Temperature on Production of Briquettes Using Palm Kernel Shell

Chukwuemeke. P Ukpaka

Abstract


The performance of briquettes produced from palm kernel shell (PKS) upon the influence of mass and temperature was examined in this studies. The results obtained revealed that temperature and mass play an active role on the quality and performance of the briquettes achieved using a local raw material known as palm kernel shell. Also, the result revealed that the mass and temperature value increase with increase in time thereby increasing the ignition time, water boiling time, calorific value and thermal efficiency as well as increase compression pressure and binder content, while mass of briquettes consumed, burning rate and specific fuel consumption decreased with increase in compression pressure and binder content. The relationship established between temperature rise and time as well as the amount of briquette consumed with time during combustion process, can be described by quadratic function. Summarily, the high calorific value, thermal efficiency and the low burning rate of PKS briquettes amongst other excellent properties, are potential indicators that proper utilization of PKS for briquetting in Nigeria would contribute to solving the existing energy crisis, which would reduce the over dependence on refined petroleum products for domestic and commercial heating.

Key words: Examination, impact, mass, temperature, production, briquettes, palm kernel shell

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adeniyi, O. D., Farouk, A., Adeniyi, M. I., Auta, M., Olutoye M. A. & Olarewaju, S. Y. (2014). Briquetting of Palm Kernel Shell Biochar Obtained Via Mild Pyrolytic Process, Lautech Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 30-34.

Bhattacharya, S., Augustus, L. & Mizanur, R. (1999). A Study on Improved Biomass Briquetting, New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Dahamshyamalee, A.D.U.S. Amarasinghe, N.S. Senanayaka (2015). Evaluation of Different Binding Materials in Forming Biomass Briquettes with Saw Dust, Journal of Indian Institute of Engineers, 2(11), 23-30.

Deng, Y.R., Peng, K. & Kung, R. (2012). Briquette Techniques, Journal of China Institute of Mechanical Engineers, 5, 3801-3809.

Eriksson, S. & Piarete, M. (1990). The Briquetting of Agricultural Wastes for Fuel, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy.

Food and Agricultural Organization (1990). Report on Briquette Neglect and Unsuccessful Approach of its Application. Retrieved from www.fao.org/publications 8th Jane, 2017.

Hood, A. (2010). Heating System Application for Briquette, Journal of Energy Resources and Development, 4(7), 75-82.

Karaj, R. & Muller, T. (2010). Value of Heating Briquette (4th Edition), United Kingdom: Oxford Press.

Krizan, N., Milos, M., LubomirSoos, H. & JurajBeniak, L. (2007). Behavior of Beech Sawdust during Densification into a Solid Biofuel (2nd Edition), Ukraine Institute of Energy, Ukraine.

Lardinois and Klundert, 1993). Local Materials for Briquette Making, American Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 3(3) 412-424.

Lehtikangas. O. (2001). Agricultural Materials for Briquette Making (2nd Edition), Lusaka, Zambia: Noman Publishing.

Martin, A.N., Nasrin, A., Choo,Y.M., Mohama, S., Rohaya, M.H., Azali, A. & Zainal, Z. (2008). Oil Palm Biomass as Potential Substitution Raw-materials for Commercial Biomass, Journal of Science, 2, 214-222.

Ogbuanya, T. (2005). Energy and Technology of Home Appliances (2nd Edition), Enugu, Nigeria: Cheston Limited.

Onuegbu, T. U., Ilochi, N. O., Ogbu, I. M., Ogumselu, F. O. % Okafor, I. (2012). Preparation of Environmental Friendly Bio-Coal Briquette from Groundnut Shell and Maize Cob Biomass Waste: Comparative Effects of Ignition Time and Water Boiling Studies, Current Research in Chemistry, 4(4), 110-118.

Onukak, I. E., Mohammed-Dabo, I. A., Ameh, A. O., Okoduwa, S. I. R. Fasanya, O. O. (2017). Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste, Recycling, 2(17), 1-19.

Peter-Krizan, S., Marsh, H. & Rodriguez-Reinoso, F. (2015). Local Raw Material for Briquette Production, Science and Technology Journal, 3, 321-328.

Tembe, E.T., Otache, P.O. & Ekhuemelo, D.O. (2014). Density, Shatter Index, and Combustion Properties of Briquettes Produced from Groundnut Shells, Rice Husks and Saw Dust of Daniellia Oliveri, Journal of Applied Biosciences, 82, 7372-7378.

Ugwu, K. E. & Agbo, K. E. (2011). Briquetting of Palm Kernel Shell, Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 15(3), 447-450.

Wahidin, N., Nurfa, A. & Mahanama, A. (2014). Martana Synthesis Preliminary Studies Durian Peel Bio Briquettes as an Alternative Fuels. Trans. Journal of Engineering, 3, 673-677.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.