Green Chemistry Approach for the Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles: A Review

Abstract

The word "nanoparticles" refers to particles within a size range of 10 and 100 nm. Nanotechnology is the topic that is growing the fastest because of its applications in science and technology to produce new at the nanoscale range. Silver is the metal of first preference among the various noble metals. The production of silver nanoparticles can be achieved by different methods such as: chemical method, biological method, green synthesis. The formation of silver nanoparticles by green synthetic methods is the primary focus of this review. The production of ecologically friendly silver nanoparticles requires two basic ingredients: a reducing bilogical agent and a silver metal ion solution. In addition to enzymes, certain plant parts such as leaves, fruits, flowers etc, have lately been used to make silver and gold nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles can be extracted from many medicinal plants such as Saccharum officinarum, Helianthus annus, Cinnamomum camphora, Oryza sativa, Aloe vera, Capsicum annuum, Medicago sativa, Zea mays, and Magnolia Kobus in the biological and pharmaceutical field. Plant extracts-mediated synthesis is one of the various green synthesis techniques that has additional practical uses. The AgNPs can be prepared from different parts of the plants like: From Flowers, leaves, stems, roots and fruits. UV spectroscopy is used to characterise the silver nanoparticles, with wavelengths ranging from 340 to 740 nm. The dried silver nanoparticle powder underwent additional analysis using XRD and EDAX. SEM, or scanning electron microscopy, can be used to evaluate the size and shape of the silver nanoparticles.