Aquaculture Biofilters: A Natural Water Quality Control Method

Abstract

Aquaculture biofilters are a natural and sustainable solution for maintaining water quality in fish farming operations. These systems use beneficial bacteria to convert harmful nitrogenous waste compounds, such as ammonia and nitrite, into less toxic forms, such as nitrate. This process occurs within a filter bed filled with various media, such as gravel or plastic beads, which provide a surface area for the growth of the bacteria. The biofilter also serves as a habitat for other microorganisms, such as protozoa and fungi, which further enhance the breakdown of waste compounds. The use of biofilters in aquaculture has several benefits, including reducing the need for water changes, improving fish health and growth, and reducing environmental pollution. However, designing and managing a biofilter system requires careful consideration of several factors, such as the stocking density of fish, the type of feed used, and the type of biofilter media. In this article, we review the principles of aquaculture biofilters and discuss their potential for sustainable and efficient water quality management in fish farming operations.