Efficacy of Insecticides Cypermethrin and Fenvalerate on Gossypol Content in Gossypium Sp.
Abstract
Cotton crop is highly susceptible to several pests. About 166 different species of insect pests are reported to attack cotton at various stages of its growth. Because insecticides has been recognized universally as easy, convenient and effective pest control options, farmers are enthusiastically using them to reap good benefits. Two varieties of Gossypium hirsutum – Surabhi and Saubhagya were selected and grown in pot. Few plants were treated with insecticides while others remain untreated. LRK 516 was taken as standard variety for comparing the data obtained from Surabhi and Saubhagya varieties. The two insecticides used were Fenvalerate and Cypermethrin. The experiment on gossypol content was carried out. The objective of the application of pesticide was to keep the pest population under check. The objective of pesticide application besides was not only to keep the pest population under check but also to avoid the pollution and damage to the non-targets. Cotton cultivation is impossible without Insecticide sprays. In the present study, it is believed that proper applications of insecticides contribute to increase in the yields of cotton crops and also lowering the gossypol content in cotton. The present day insecticide scenario prompted a necessity for rational use of insecticides, which may be effective for insect pest management and also compatible with the environment. In all the treated plants, the treatment of two insecticides - Fenvalerate and Cypermethrin provided significantly better control over the pest population at 30, 60 and 90 Days after sowing (DAS) after sprays. Plants sprayed with Cypermethrin generally continued to maintain significantly low population of the pest than the control. Pest population on the crop was quite low and in several plots it reached zero after the spray. Fenvalerate and Cypermethrin suppressed the pest for a longer duration and showed promising growth and yield in Saubhagya and Surabhi varieties of cotton plants and also diminish the gossypol content in treated plants. The insecticides treatments overall had a favorable and promising effect on plant growth, yield and fibre quality of plants. Low gossypol content lines may be used in breeding for oil quality improvement programme and high gossypol content lines can be chosen for sources in resistance breeding programmes after testing their efficiency towards pest incidence. Keywords: gossypium Sp. insecticides, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, gossypolReferences
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